Acrogymnospermae (clade)
Pinopsida (class) / Pinidae
Pinales (order) / Pinaceae (family)
Pinus (genus) / Strobus (subgenus); Ducampopinus (subgenus)
Quinquefoliae (section) / Cembrae (subsection); Parrya (section) / Gerardianae (subsection)
Pinopsida (class) / Pinidae
Pinales (order) / Pinaceae (family)
Pinus (genus) / Strobus (subgenus); Ducampopinus (subgenus)
Quinquefoliae (section) / Cembrae (subsection); Parrya (section) / Gerardianae (subsection)
Quinquefoliae
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Parrya
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Cembrae
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Gerardianae
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Pinus cembra
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Pinus koraiensis
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Pinus bungeana
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Native to: Europe
Native habitat: Mountain areas in central Europe from the Alps to the Carpathians
Drought tolerant: Yes
Soil
Moisture
Light
Topography
Fire
Competition
Disturbance
mycorrhizaef
ectomyccorrhcizae Rhizopogon spp. broader Suillus spp. younger pines Laccaria spp. seedlings Thelephora spp. |
Native to: Korea, Manchuria, eastern Russia and Japan
Native habitat: Dry mountain slopes, especially those facing north at elevations of 4,200 to 8,000 feet
Drought tolerant: Yes
Soil
Moisture
Light
Topography
Fire
Competition
Disturbance
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Native to northern and central China
Native habitat: South-facing mountain slopes Native habitat:
Soil
Moisture
Light
Topography
Fire
Named for Alexander A. von Bunge who collected the type specimen in 1831 while Russian envoy to the imperial court of Beijing
Introduced in 1846 to US (Robert Fortune, a Scottish plant hunter, introduced it as well as over 120 other Asian plant species to Europe.) |
Tree /Twigs / Buds / Bark
Tree
Bark
Twigs
Buds
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Tree
Bark
Twigs
Buds
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Tree
Bark
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Foliage
Needles
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Needles
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Needles
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Male (Stamenate) Cones
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|
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Female (Ovulate) Cones
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Seeds
Seed
Seed dormancy
cold stratification 3 to 4 months 34 to 39 F |
Seed
Seed dormancy
cold stratification 3 to 4 months 34 to 39 F |
Seed dormancy
weak dormancy |
Pinus cembra
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Pinus koraiensis
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Pinus bungeana
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